A computer is a complex device where each component must work correctly, ensuring the smooth operation of the entire system. If you experience a serious problem with your computer, for protection purposes, it may suddenly turn off immediately after being turned on.
The problem with a sudden shutdown of the computer is quite common, and there are not so many reasons for the occurrence of such a problem. Below we will consider the main ones that most often affect the appearance of such a breakdown.
Tip: if the BIOS makes sounds before shutting down, they must be remembered and punched through any search engine. Often, the BIOS can tell the user what problem in the computer caused it to abruptly shut down, and therefore you can identify the cause much faster and, accordingly, solve the problem.
Reason 1: cooling system failure
First of all, faced with a sharp shutdown of the computer immediately or almost immediately after turning it on, you should look under the case of the system unit and see if there is dust and dirt in it.
If the computer has not been cleaned for years, then dirt and dust in large volumes could accumulate on coolers, boards, microcircuits, etc. If you see that there is enough dust in the system unit, it must be collected with a vacuum cleaner, and then carefully cleaned with a brush from the remnants.
Particular attention should be paid to the cooling system: thoroughly clean the heatsink and cooler and dust, and replace the thermal paste between the heatsink and the processor. After assembling the computer, turn it on and check if the cooler is spinning - it is quite possible that the fan is completely out of order, and here it may already need to be replaced.
Reason 2: RAM problems
Incorrect connection of RAM or failure of the bar can cause a problem with a sudden shutdown of the computer.
Carefully inspect the computer's RAM: whether all the bars are connected normally. It is recommended to carefully inspect the strips themselves and the slots into which they are connected: if damage is found, this only confirms the cause of the problem.
If several sticks of RAM are connected to the computer, it is recommended to turn off one pank and check the operability of the computer: if one stick fails, the computer will start up and work normally.
Reason 3: Problems in the power supply
Power Supply - essential device computer, which plays an important role in its correct operation. Faced with a system shutdown, you need to think about the performance of the power supply.
It is imperative to inspect the internal component of the power supply: is it clogged with dust, has a foreign object got into its insides, causing short circuit and also whether the capacitors are swollen.
Reason 4: Problems with the motherboard
Quite often, the reason for a sudden shutdown of the computer can be caused by motherboard computer: failure of any of the connectors, a problem with capacitors, and so on. AT this case Usually, the motherboard needs to be completely replaced.
Reason 5: BIOS failure
As a rule, this cause of the problem concerns you if you have ever made changes to the BIOS settings before. Incorrectly set parameters can easily cause the computer to turn on at first, but will abruptly shut down due to the inability to continue working.
In this case, the collection will help to get out of the situation. BIOS settings. As a rule, a similar procedure can be performed if you enter the BIOS, and then find and select the option Load Optimized Defaults, Load Fail-Safe Defaults, or Load Setup Defaults.
These are the main reasons that can tell you why the computer shuts down abruptly. If you can’t fix the problem on your own, don’t put off going to service center.
There are a great many different types of programs that create many troubles for users, moreover, they spread independently. There are those who, after loading, turn off the PC.
Let's figure out what to do to either eliminate this option or fix the problem.
First of all, you need to create boot disk, or a flash drive with antivirus software. On the websites of manufacturers of anti-virus programs, such images are offered for free, with complete instructions for creating boot disks. Although this will require a "healthy" computer with Internet access.
Having created such a drive, you should:
Note. A full scan can take a long time, up to several days, depending on the amount and nature of the recorded information, as well as on the overall performance of the system.
If, after checking, the system is similarly turned off during operation, or does not have time to boot at all, then the problem is definitely a hardware one.
Low power or PSU failure
When the PC does not even have time to start loading, or the previous version clearly indicated a hardware problem, then the secondary power source in the computer itself is often the culprit. Or, alternatively, the mains voltage is simply too low. alternating current 220V.
First of all, you need to check the AC voltage. Either a "familiar electrician" or a universal device - a multimeter - can help with this. Ideally, the mains voltage should be 220 volts, however, deviations of 10% are allowed. Those. at 240 or 200 V, the power supply should work normally.
In the event that the voltage deviates beyond the permissible limits, it is necessary either to solve the problem by contacting electricians, or to install a voltage stabilizer, of which a sufficient number are on sale.
In the power supply itself, if the problem is not in the outlet, there may be malfunctions of the following nature (when the computer turns off periodically):
- emergency shutdown, as a result of overheating - the cooling fan may have failed, or the inside of the power supply is very dirty;
- physical degradation of circuit components (usually capacitors) - usually after “warming up” it starts to work normally;
- excessive load on the components of the system unit - emergency shutdown, as a result of overload;
- an alarm signal from the motherboard - a malfunction of the built-in converters or others (although this is no longer the PSU itself).
What needs to be done to correct the situation:
By and large, if cleaning from dust solved the problem, then good. In other cases (except for the option when the system does not work with a known good PSU), it is best to replace the secondary power supply. But in the case of system inoperability with a known good power supply, the problem lies in other components.
Overheating of the processor or video card
After long-term operation, or with the initial marriage of some components, a situation is possible when the computer turns off due to overheating of important components. For example, the cooling radiators of the central or graphics processor can “overgrow” with dust and stop performing their functions.
If the computer turns off by itself, after 5 minutes of operation, then first of all it is necessary to check the cooling systems.
What to initially pay attention to will be prompted by the nature of the behavior of the PC:
- the shutdown occurs almost immediately, after loading the OS (at the same time, “slowdowns” and “freezes” are felt at first) - the most likely cause is a malfunction of the cooling system CPU;
- the computer works fine until it receives some significant load - insufficient cooling of the CPU or video card;
- work is possible as long as there is no serious load on the graphics part (any three-dimensional game) - insufficient cooling of the graphics processor.
When to use software tools there is no way to determine the elevated temperature, and quite adequate values are displayed in the BIOS (after all, there is no load in this mode), then you just need to carry out a visual inspection and preventive maintenance of the cooling systems.
First of all, you need to make sure that the cooling systems are securely fixed in place, and that the fans on them (if any) rotate without extraneous sounds and effort. When the fan is noisy or difficult to rotate, it should be replaced.
CO prevention is performed as follows (quite simply):
- the cooling systems are dismantled from the processor and video card;
- cleaning (purging, washing) of radiators from pollution and dust is carried out;
- the contact surfaces of the radiators are cleaned from the layer of the old thermal interface (often they say - thermal paste);
- contact surfaces on the GPU and CPU are cleaned;
- a thin layer of fresh thermal paste is applied to the processors;
- CO are mounted back.
However, there are cases when prevention does not help (or the computer is completely new). In this case, it is possible that the cooling system simply does not cope with the task, because. it lacks performance. This can be either an incorrect calculation during production, or a loss of efficiency due to wear.
Therefore, a more subtle approach is needed, which is also useful in case of one-time malfunctions that have not yet “resulted” into a serious problem. In addition, such control will help prevent problems from arising.
>Video: Computer shuts down
The temperature is too high, we find out the values in AIDA
All major PC systems are equipped with built-in monitoring and self-diagnosis components. So the central processor, video card and chipset are equipped with temperature sensors. Their readings can be seen in the BIOS, or you can use special programs in the OS environment.
One of the most common programs of this kind (and also has many other useful features) is AIDA. That's why we use it. It does not require installation - just download, and you can immediately run. You need to download the appropriate version of the program. If you have a 64-bit version of the OS (the majority of them are now), then the program also needs AIDA64.
The launch itself is carried out by double-clicking on the program's executable file (aida64.exe or aida.exe, respectively, for the 64-bit and 32-bit versions). After starting, in the left part of the program window (titled “Menu”), select the “Sensors” item, after which the readings of all temperature sensors available in the system will be displayed on the right. It is useful to check the temperature readings when running resource-intensive applications, because. under load they increase.
The temperature should not (ideally) exceed 70 degrees Celsius. However, many powerful solutions allow the crystal to be heated up to 100 degrees. However, the lower the temperature, the better. When it approaches a critical point, the conclusion is clear - the cooling system of the corresponding component cannot cope.
It turns off after a while, what to do ...
Let's analyze - by what algorithm to determine a malfunction of this kind:
- checking the PC power button - if it is faulty, then we eliminate it;
- visual inspection of the components of the cooling systems - in the presence of severe contamination, we carry out preventive measures;
- we control the input voltage of the network and perform diagnostics of the PSU;
- we check the software component - we load the OS from a specially prepared external media and look for malware;
- we control the temperature of the main components during operation using the AIDA software product - we eliminate the identified inconsistencies.
In order to perform all the above operations, you must have at least minimal knowledge of the structure of the PC. If it was not possible to fix the problem (which is unlikely), then you should contact the specialists. Although you can replace the entire PC, which is also an option.
As a result, the main part of the emerging problems with spontaneous shutdown, according to statistical data, is considered. In 99% of cases, the problems are just such, relatively simple reasons. Eliminating them is also not difficult.
However, other kinds of malfunctions are also possible, with similar symptoms, for example, unstable operation of the current converter on the motherboard (this is also true for a video card). In this case, you can either replace the main component, or contact the service center.
More than sure, my blog is not the first place where you are looking for the answer to the question "why does the computer turn off." I hope this is the last place you're looking. possible cause and how to fix it.
Recently, I also encountered such a mystery, reviewed hundreds of sites, and their main problem is that they put emphasis on one thing. Someone writes that the matter is in the PSU, others insist on cleaning the computer. Yes, indeed, because of this, the PC may turn off, but there are still a lot of reasons that I will write everything in this post, and you can independently diagnose at home.
Dust, capacitors, thermal paste
I decided to combine 3 problems in one place, for the reason that in any of the cases it is necessary to disassemble system unit why not do it all at once. In addition, if this is not the case, it will never be superfluous to clean the PC, check the capacitors and change the thermal paste. I generally recommend doing this twice a year.
Turns off due to dust
The first time I encountered such a problem many years ago. It was my first computer, I played on it and nothing more. After 2 years, the PC began to turn off for no reason, you turn it on, it works a little and turns off. I took it to a service center, they laughed, cleaned it, and said that the computer is the second vacuum cleaner in the house. Since then, I have not run this moment, and have not encountered such a problem again.
How to clean your computer from dust
I do this as follows: I open the cover of the system unit, take it out to the balcony, put the vacuum cleaner on blowing. So we blow for a couple of minutes and everything will be like from the store. Here is another good video I saw on YouTube, I recommend watching it:
Apply thermal paste
Personally, in my experience, it was such that the computer turned off due to a large layer of thermal paste, so you need to apply it correctly. I recommend buying a disposable tube / bag, squeezing out quite a bit of watery liquid from it until a normal paste comes out (it resembles toothpaste in consistency). After that, drip directly onto the center of the processor and rub. It is best to do this not with your bare hands, but wrap a disposable bag around your finger.
Perhaps it will be better and easier if I show you in the video how to apply thermal paste correctly:
Checking capacitors
Take this very seriously, because due to faulty and swollen capacitors, your motherboard and its components can burn out. To check and find swollen capacitors, disassemble the computer and carefully inspect all capacitors (they look like a barrel), an example of a bad capacitor:
Also, in addition to the motherboard, you need to check the capacitors in the power supply. Take it apart and inspect it very carefully.
If you find swollen capacitors, replace them or take them to the service center and let them solder new ones to you.
Turns off due to overheating
Your computer turns off automatically when it reaches a critical temperature (70-80 degrees). This is necessary so that the motherboard does not burn out. Despite the fact that this is an emergency shutdown, if you constantly turn on the computer over and over again, then your components may burn out. Personally, my video card burned out like that.
How to check cpu temperature
You can find out the processor temperature in 2 ways: 1 - in the BIOS, 2 - using special program. To begin with, let's figure out when your computer turns off: under load (in games and when watching videos) or even without load? If under load, we will test with the help of programs, even if at idle, then you can also look in the BIOS.
Check temperature in BIOS
First you need to get into it. Reboot your PC and press "Delete" or "F1" depending on your motherboard. Now you need to find the "Hardware Monitor" tab
Where "CPU Temperature" is the temperature of your processor and it should not rise to 70 degrees Celsius. Leave this tab for a while and do not touch the computer. If within 10-15 minutes the temperature rises more than 60 degrees, then your processor is not working.
It is possible that you have problems with cooling, change the thermal paste and look at the CPU fan with the computer turned on (it should rotate).
Also, in the screenshot above, pay attention to line 3, where “CPU Fan Speed” is the rotation speed of your cooler. It should be at least 1000, and preferably 2000 for proper cooling.
Temperature monitoring software
If the computer turns off from overheating only in games (under load), then testing in BIOS is not suitable for us.
Download free program CPUID HWMonitor from the official website https://www.cpuid.com/softwares/hwmonitor-pro.html
Install and run the utility. Now you can check the temperature:
Close the program and start the game. After you turn off your computer, let it cool down and turn it on. In the folder with the program you will have text file, in which there will be a report - open it and look at what temperature the computer turned off.
You can treat with new system cooling, additional coolers and be sure not to forget to change the thermal paste. This applies not only to the processor, but also to the video card.
RAM problems
It happens when the RAM fails, this failure is typical - the computer freezes when copying, shutting down and starting programs. Determining if the RAM is working properly is quite simple:
Windows 7-10 - open start and paste - mdsched then hit enter. Next, click "restart your computer" and wait for the result (10-20 minutes).
After the verification is completed, you will have one of two things, either errors will appear or there will be a “no errors found” notification.
You know, I end most of the entries with the phrase:
In such a not cunning way, we saved money and didn’t take anything anywhere!
So, in this case, I myself recently prefer to take the computer for diagnostics. As experience shows, if the computer turns off by itself, this is not a mystery for a couple of hours and you have to tinker. It’s good if something is banal, but there are such cases when, for example, the cable has dried up or the contact has broken off somewhere, the PSU has played up, etc. and this is not so easy to see at first glance.
I think it's better to leave a couple of dollars in the SC and spend time rationally. You will rest and people will have work).
Why does the computer turn off by itself
Often, a computer that worked normally before suddenly starts to turn off spontaneously. Determining why the computer turns off by itself is not so simple. But to eliminate such problems, when their cause has already been identified, is within the power of almost any user who has minimal knowledge of the hardware of the device and the principles of software operation. It is about the causes of the occurrence of such a phenomenon and methods for their detection that will be discussed below.
There are several main reasons why a computer may turn off spontaneously:
Overheating of PC components
If spontaneous shutdowns begin some time after the start of work, the problem is most likely related to overheating of certain PC components. The most common causes of a malfunction in this case may be faulty cooling fans or a layer of dust on the radiators.
You should pay attention to when exactly the computer turns off:
- Shortly after loading the operating system, the shutdown is preceded by short, short system freezes - most likely, the central processor is overheating;
- After receiving a serious load, for example, the simultaneous launch of several "heavy" applications - overheating of the processor or video card;
- Problems with the cooling of the video card are the reason why the computer turns off during the game.
Most in a simple way The solution to the problem will be a visual inspection of the computer hardware, followed by maintenance of all cooling systems and cleaning of the PC. Severe pollution of radiators is not allowed, fans installed on top should rotate evenly, without jamming and sharp sounds.
Service is carried out in the following order:
- Expansion boards are dismantled;
- Power cables, hard and optical discs, the board itself is removed from the case;
- The existing cooling systems are dismantled;
- The radiators are cleaned of dust and dirt, this operation is convenient to carry out with the fan removed using a paint brush of small width (20 - 30 mm), it will be useful to brush dust off the entire surface of the motherboard along the way;
- Contact surfaces on radiators, central and video processors are cleaned of old heat-resistant paste, followed by a fresh layer;
- Faulty or sticking fans are replaced with new ones;
- All systems are installed in the reverse order.
Important: It often happens that there is simply nothing to replace a malfunctioning fan. In this case, you can try to "reanimate" the old one. To do this, it is enough to remove the sticker or pull out the rubber plug from its reverse side and drip 2-3 drops of machine oil into the opened hole, while scrolling the blades with your hand. Then put the cork in place or seal the hole with adhesive tape (it is better not to use the old sticker) and install the fan in place.
Malfunctions of the electrical network and PC power supply
Often, especially in rural areas, the reason why the computer turns on and immediately turns off is the mains voltage. This is easy enough to check using a simple Chinese multimeter. The rated voltage of the network is 220 volts, the PC power supply must remain operational in the range from 200 to 240 volts. If the meter reading is outside the specified range, you should either contact management company(as an option: to a familiar electrician), or get a good voltage stabilizer.
Another common variant of problems with the power grid can be malfunctions of the house wiring, for example, burnt sockets or twists in junction boxes. It is worth paying attention to whether computer shutdowns coincide with the moments when powerful consumers of electricity are turned on / off: an electric heater, electric stove or kettle, refrigerator, etc. If such coincidences occur, you should inspect the home electrical wiring yourself or with the help of a specialist. This is especially important because malfunctions of this kind are fraught with much more serious consequences than problems with a computer.
The most common power supply problems are:
- Overheating due to fan failure or severe pollution;
- Failure of circuit elements (usually capacitors);
- Overload caused by the installation of new devices, such as a powerful video card.
The easiest way to check if the problems lie in the power supply is by temporarily replacing it with a known-good and, preferably, more powerful one. If after this the spontaneous shutdowns have ceased, the following should be done:
- Check the operability of the fan and, if necessary, replace it, or try to revive it, as described above;
- Clean the internal elements of the block from dirt and dust. This can be done by removing the top cover and using the same narrow paint brush;
- Inspect the capacitors installed on the board, swollen or with liquid drips under them, replace with new ones;
- Disable Recently installed devices: if the system is restored after this, the replacement of the PSU cannot be avoided - it is serviceable, but not designed for the increased power consumption.
If all these steps do not help, the power supply needs to be replaced or a qualified repair.
Important: When inspecting the PSU capacitors, you should also pay attention to the motherboard, especially the capacitors installed in the power supply circuits of the processor and video card.
Several Yet useful tips specifically for the situation where the computer turns off while playing:
Why does the computer turn off by itself,
without physical defects
Another reason why the computer itself turns off during operation may be viruses and other programs containing malicious code. There are hundreds of thousands of such programs, and the list continues to grow steadily. A little digressing from the topic of the article, we note that there are many ways to introduce viruses into the system. This can happen, for example, when downloading programs from the Internet or installing from pirated discs, when connecting removable media and mobile devices. Therefore, the presence of an anti-virus program today is an indispensable attribute of the system, moreover, the program itself and its signature databases must be updated regularly.
How to cure a computer infected with a virus
If, in search of the reasons why the computer turns off by itself, no defects in its hardware are found, it is necessary to diagnose for viruses. To do this, you will need a bootable disk or USB drive (“flash drive”) containing antivirus software. software. You can find the appropriate software and instructions for working with it on the website of any company that produces anti-virus software. Needless to say, this work should be done on a "clean" computer.
After creating a "healing" disk, you need to boot the infected computer from it. To do this, you will need to enable booting from a DVD-RW or USB drive in the BIOS. After downloading, you need to run the anti-virus program in the "check and clean viruses" mode. This process can take a considerable time, up to several tens of hours, depending on the capacity of the hard disk and the amount of information stored on it.
When you receive a message that the scan is complete, you should restart your computer. Most often, all the troubles end there. But, often, when a non-recoverable virus is affected system files, the OS will not be able to boot and will have to be reinstalled.
minor annoyances
Although the situations discussed above are quite simple, in practice it is often even simpler. For example, the on / off button may simply stick. on the front panel. In principle, it is from this button that you can start troubleshooting. To check it, you can turn it off and start the computer by jumping the corresponding contacts with a screwdriver. If it stops turning off, it remains only to replace the button.
If there is no desire to go to the store for a penny part, the button can be carefully disassembled by tearing off the caps of the small plastic rods that hold it together. Rinse the flexible metal plate inside it with alcohol or cologne, put everything back together and slightly melt the rest of the rods with a soldering iron. As a temporary option, instead of the power button, you can connect the Reset button. By the way, sticking this button causes spontaneous reboots.
Another interesting defect that the author of this article once encountered. Once, after two days of unsuccessful troubleshooting, when all the main components of the motherboard were checked using specialized equipment, it turned out that the problem was in the dynamics soldered into it. In its place was installed another, rudely pulled out of a cheap Chinese alarm clock that fell under the hot hand.
Another fairly common situation that repairmen often encounter is a computer installed in a narrow niche closed on all sides except the front. Sometimes, the role of such a niche is performed by a compartment for installing a system unit in a computer desk. What can you do, not all furniture makers understand computers. In this case, it can be quite difficult to prove to the owner that his desk needs to be improved by using physical force to remove a piece of fiberboard behind the computer and that there is a small gap there for interface and network cables insufficient for normal ventilation.
Given the above, it is better to use some kind of diagnostic utility, such as AIDA. The program does not require installation and is launched by clicking on the executable file. To control the temperature of the main components of the PC, you must select the "Sensors" item in the program menu and check their readings. At the same time, it is desirable to properly load the system by running one or more resource-intensive programs, for example, a virus scan. It is desirable that the sensor readings never exceed 70 °C. In some systems (most often AMD developers are guilty of this), processor temperatures up to 100 ° C are allowed, but this is undesirable. In any case, the readings of the sensors at 70 ° C or more are a reason to think about the state of the PC cooling system.
In conclusion, I would like to recall the phrase that any disease is easier to prevent than to cure. This statement is true not only for humans, but also for computers. Therefore, in order not to suffer over the question of why the computer turns off by itself, it is worth monitoring its condition from time to time. To do this, you can use the built-in BIOS tools that display readings from chipset and CPU temperature sensors. It should be borne in mind that these readings may be underestimated, because. when viewing the BIOS settings, the load on the processor will be minimal.
Andrian Nikolaev
1. Why does the computer turn off after a certain time by itself.
2. Why does the computer turn off during the game.
3. Why does the computer turn off immediately after turning it on.
The main reasons for unauthorized shutdown of the computer
1. System overheating;
2. Viruses;
3. Conflict between installed drivers/programs.
Let's now look at all of the above in detail. I just want to draw your attention, dear readers, to the fact that I will describe all the reasons for the spontaneous shutdown of the computer in order from the most frequent to the rarest reasons. So…
Why does the computer turn off by itself
1. System overheating. Most radio components, during operation, emit a certain amount of heat, i.e. heat up. In order for them to work stably, and during operation they do not heat up to a critical temperature, cooling is installed on them - active (fans / coolers) or passive (radiators). If the cooling does not work well or does not work at all, the computer begins to freeze or turn off on its own.
If this is the reason, then look at the computer while it is working from the inside, and find out:
- are all fans working, in particular: on the processor, video card, power supply, on the walls of the case. If any fans are not working, then they need to be replaced. The exception is the coolers on the case itself, because. you can just leave the system unit open so that the air ventilation is natural.
- whether there is a layer of dust on fans, radiators and other parts. After all, dust prevents the dissipation of residual heat from the parts, which also leads to constant freezes and unauthorized shutdown of the computer;
- Is your system unit in any niche, closed on all sides, except for the front side? In this case, the hot air from the system unit has nowhere to go, which also leads to a constant elevated temperature, and, accordingly, unstable computer operation.
If the computer is more than one year old, then the cause of overheating of the system can be dried thermal paste - a special viscous mixture that is applied between the heat dissipation element (processors, chipsets) and the cooling system (radiators) for better heat dissipation.
Many are interested in the question: "Why does my computer shut down while playing games?" The answer is simple: The fact is that computer games, like working in Photoshop, video processing and other similar operations cause a greater load on the system than working with documents. Thus, more resources are spent, and accordingly more heat is released. The solution to this problem is the points that I discussed above.
2. Computer viruses. Computer viruses cause the computer, as in the case of computer games, an increased load on the system. Thus, they are also one of the key reasons for spontaneous computer shutdown.
3. Conflict between installed drivers. Drivers are firmware that make computer components work or work properly. There are times when some components are not compatible or poorly compatible with each other, and as a result, sometimes cause a failure during the operation of the entire system. If the previous points did not help, try reinstalling the drivers.
4. Unstable voltage in the mains. In large cities, this situation is not so obvious, but in urban-type settlements or villages it is a different matter. In my village, the voltage is still constantly jumping with a strong wind. In any case, the technique does not like such manifestations, therefore, install a surge protector, or even better, if you buy an additional Source uninterruptible power supply(UPS).
I will also tell you the following situation on the topic of stress: When I was still living with my parents, and I didn’t really understand hardware, my computer constantly turned off without permission immediately after turning it on. No matter how many masters came, no one could help. A little later (a week later) I noticed that turning it off in some strange way coincided with turning on the refrigerator (“Minsk”) in the kitchen. When I moved the kitchen furniture to get to the refrigerator outlet, I was simply amazed: the outlet was almost incinerated, and when the refrigerator was turned on / off, there was a power surge throughout the electrical network of the apartment. And, of course, my computer "jumped" along with other electrical appliances.
5. Conflict at work between installed programs and computer accessories. Insofar as computer programs are updated much faster than we buy ourselves "iron" it happens that new program does not work correctly on an outdated computer. For example: I have hardware for 2006 on this old PC. When I, after turning on the computer, start Mozilla browser Firefox, my computer freezes at first, and after 5 seconds it just shuts down by itself. To avoid this, I first turn on the PC, then restart it, and after restarting Firefox works fine.
6. Breakdown hard drive(HDD). Information in computers is stored on HDD. If you hear a strange “metal rattle” when you turn on or operate your PC, this indicates that it is gradually becoming unusable. As soon as the read head hits the worn hard disk, the computer may shut down on its own. There are programs with which you can check the operation of the hard drive. In case of malfunctions, it is better to purchase a new drive, and transfer the entire important information on it, and disable this one and remove it from the system unit.
7. Capacitors. Today there is nothing eternal, except for life in the Lord, of course. If you have checked everything I wrote about earlier, look carefully at the radio components in the system unit, in particular, at the capacitors.
If they have lost their even cylindrical shape and look like they are “swollen”, or there are traces of streaks on them, then they can be the reason for the constant spontaneous shutdown of the computer.
8. Incorrectly configured or installed operating system(OS) and other programs. Sometimes it happens. You can’t give a definite recipe here, you need to look at a specialist.
9. Spontaneous shutdown of the laptop every 25, 30 or other time after switching on. If the time matches exactly as I wrote, then this most likely indicates the incompatibility of the processor with the motherboard. This often happens after repairing a laptop by “craftsmen”.
10. Weak power supply. If the computer spontaneously turns off under loads, for example, in "heavy" computer games, then the cause may be a weak power supply, tk. the more the system is loaded with programs, the more the system needs the power of the power supply. If there is not enough power, the computer turns off. Thanks for the idea, Eugene, from the comments to the article.
If I remember anything else, I will supplement the article, but I will also be glad to listen to your experience, dear readers, about the reasons for the unauthorized shutdown of the computer.
Finally, I will say, be attentive to those to whom you give your equipment for repair. Unfortunately, now there are many "theoretical specialists" who think about money, rather than about solving your problem.
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"One! And silence..."
The spontaneous shutdown of the computer is a signal that cannot be ignored. The reasons for this misfortune are different, but they can be divided into two main groups- something is overheating and something is broken.
To begin with, let's exclude unlikely:
Someone “joked” by installing an alarm clock program.
Such software, if configured appropriately, will turn off the computer at specified hours. At the same time, generating tons of indignation from an unsuspecting user. If you are on Windows 7, type in the word “startup” in the “search”. Enter it, this folder should not contain third party programs. You can also use the “msconfig” command (start-run) “Startup” field, check the processes that are running. (If one is unknown, you can unsubscribe in the comments)
Spontaneous shutdown of the computer is the first sign of overheating.
What can overheat on a computer? How to check and fix this? Let's take these questions in order.
Step 1
Therefore, it is necessary to check the temperature of these devices. If it is higher than certain values, the trigger installed in the computer will work and the device will turn off, for you it will look like a spontaneous shutdown, but in reality these are measures to protect the PC.
You can find out the temperature with the Aida program (or its older version - Everest).
Step 2 Bios versions are different, so I won’t give screenshots, I’ll just say that you should look for inscriptions like “shut down the computer at a temperature ...” (translation: turn off the computer at t °)
It should also be remembered that when installing drivers from disks, were any additional programs? Many of them can carry the same function, i.e. turn off the PC.
Step 3 We eliminate overheating - we eliminate spontaneous shutdown.
A) We disconnect from the outlet, gently sweep the dust from the devices with a brush, you can do this with a can of compressed air or a vacuum cleaner.
B) Change the thermal paste under the heatsink on the CPU cooler. (KPT-8 - very good)
If you have a laptop, then more about this. + buy the same cooling pad, the issue price is 1000 rubles.
P.S. don't forget to clean the PSU. And if it is a Chinese no-name, installed by default in the system unit case, even more so.
Swollen conders, non-working coolers- the second reason for the spontaneous shutdown of the computer.
Checked elementary. All fans should spin, do it without unnecessary noise and rattle.
As for the condors- then it’s a little more complicated here, good lighting is needed, we will inspect two things: the motherboard and the power supply. We will look for kegs (see picture)
How many condors did you count? (correct answer is 5) They should be smooth, without swelling, swelling, blackout, rust, etc. If you find something similar, then alas, this is precisely the reason for the spontaneous shutdown of the computer.
What else?
If your device turns off only during games, or under heavy load, and you are sure that high t ° is not the reason, then most likely it is a lack of PSU power.
One of the most common problems with a computer is turning it off immediately after turning it on. It looks like this: the user presses the power button, it seems to start standard process loading (fans start spinning, a characteristic sound signal), and literally after a couple of seconds the computer completely turns off.
When you press the power button again, the PC may not start at all, although sometimes a normal boot occurs after a second press. What can cause such trouble?
Main reasons
To understand what exactly the problem lies in, you need to remember after which it appeared. Loading problems may be due to:
If you can't remember any previous events (in other words, problems appeared suddenly), but the computer turns on and off by itself endlessly, the reasons must be looked for in the hardware itself. You are most likely having problems with RAM, power supply, video card or motherboard.
The causes of problems with turning on the PC can be divided into two categories: those that are immediately visible, and those that have to be tinkered to detect.
Visible problems
So, let's start with a visual inspection of the computer:
If none of the above is observed, remove the cooling system from the processor. Inspect the heat sink sole and the chip itself - if they are completely dry, it's time for you to replace the thermal paste, since its absence causes the processor to overheat sharply when turned on.
The same must be done if you see an excess amount of thermal paste that has spread even outside the chip - in this case, when the system unit is turned on, the processor contacts close.
All of the problems described interfere with heat dissipation from large chips and CPUs, so the hardware monitoring firmware turns off power to the computer to prevent thermal damage to components. Once the problems are fixed, the computer will start up normally.
Component problems
If the problem is not visually visible, most likely it lies in the gland itself. In other words, one of the components is out of order.
In addition to the above, you can try the following option: remove all boards from the system unit, leaving only motherboard with the processor and cooler, and try to start. If the computer beeps but does not turn off, try installing one component at a time (of course, de-energizing the PC each time) to find out which one fails. If the computer still turns off immediately after startup, and at the same time a known working power supply is installed on it, there are two options: the processor or the motherboard itself has failed.
OS issues
If after shutdown HDD with the system, the computer starts up, the problem is either in the system or in the drive itself. To clarify this point, leave the drive connected to the power supply by disconnecting the interface cable. If P.K. does not start, the cause of the problem lies in the HDD. If the start was successful, the operating system is to blame.
In cases where the OS is the culprit, there may be several solutions. The algorithm of actions largely depends on whether the computer starts at all. If on the first attempt the PC immediately turns off, and on the second it starts to boot normally (that is, you can still log into the system), try doing the following:
If you cannot log in, try checking the disk for unreadable sectors or reinstalling the operating system.
If no action helps, and the computer still refuses to turn on normally, there is only one way out - take the system unit to a specialized center.